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Reading is the process of perceiving and understanding written or printed text. This activity encompasses various forms of interaction with textual materials, which may include books, magazines, articles, instructions, electronic documents, and much more.

Reading involves the work of several cognitive and sensory systems, including visual recognition of symbols and letters, as well as the interpretation of meaning and content. The texts a person works with when reading can vary in length, complexity, and genres, covering scientific works, fiction, business documentation, technical manuals, and educational materials.

The environment for reading can be very diverse — from quiet rooms and libraries to public spaces, transportation, and outdoor areas. An important element of reading is a comfortable setting and lighting conditions that facilitate better perception of the text and concentration of attention.

Reading is accompanied by various methods and techniques: aloud or silently, quick skimming or deep thoughtful analysis, sequential or selective navigation through the text. Depending on the goals, reading may be aimed at obtaining information, learning new material, organizing knowledge, or entertainment.

Text carriers for reading can take various forms — from classic paper editions to digital screens of electronic devices, which opens wide opportunities for access to information and literature. In different cultures and language environments, reading serves as an important means of knowledge transmission, preservation of cultural heritage, and personal development.

Thus, reading represents a universal and multifaceted process that is an integral part of educational, professional, and personal practices, creating a foundation for active interaction between a person and the world of written signs and textual messages.