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Hydraulic Systems are a set of devices and components designed for the transmission and control of mechanical energy using compressible or incompressible fluids, most often oil or water under pressure. The operation of these systems is based on the use of hydraulic fluid, which creates pressure and movement, enabling functions such as lifting, moving, or compressing various elements and mechanisms.

Typically, these systems include key components: a hydraulic pump that converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy; hydraulic motors and cylinders that convert hydraulic energy back into mechanical energy; pipes and hoses for transporting fluid; as well as valves and regulators that control the direction, pressure, and force of the flow. Hydraulic systems are widely used in various fields—from industrial equipment and vehicles to aviation and construction machinery.

The environment of hydraulic systems varies depending on their purpose and design: they can be a part of large industrial infrastructure, mobile machinery, or compact equipment. The physical characteristics of the systems include having a closed loop with fluid that can transmit pressure without significant losses, as well as resistance to mechanical loads, vibrations, and temperature fluctuations. Important aspects include control over flow rate, precision in force management, and reliability of connections.

Typical forms of hydraulic systems are diverse: from simple single-circuit schemes with minimal components to complex multi-circuit systems with electronic control. They may include tanks for fluid, filters, safety valves, pressure gauges, and cooling systems. Depending on operating conditions, hydraulic fluids can have various properties to ensure efficiency and longevity of the system across a wide range of working temperatures and loads.

Seasonal changes in the environment, such as temperature and humidity, affect the characteristics and maintenance of hydraulic systems, requiring adaptation of the fluids and materials used. Landscape elements or industrial conditions may necessitate additional protection for system components against contaminants and corrosion, as well as ensuring stable access to energy resources for uninterrupted operation.

Hydraulic Systems

Detailed view of a hydraulic jet engine with bright lighting

Modern Jet Engine in a High-Tech Environment